Impacts of population growth, economic development, and. Population growth and economic development in nigeria. Pdf this research examines the effects of population growth on the economic development between the two developed and developing. Feb 01, 2016 policy goals and objectives to population growth in developing countries must be realistic where population growth is a problem, deal not only with population variable but also underlying social and economic conditions of underdevelopment smaller families through developmentinduced motivations.
Even with success in achieving more balanced regional economic growth, such as through the regional economic development initiative proposed by taefa province, population growth in the towns will continue. Conceptual framework for the impact of hivaids on economic growth the impact of the hivaids epidemic on the economy has been a concern since the beginning of. As national populations move toward replacementlevel fertilityan average of slightly more than two children per womanboth governments and families should improve their capacities. I find that the birth rates have a positive impact on economic growth, but the correlation becomes negative when. Pdf the paper examines the link between population and per capita economic growth, and poverty, using the interesting case study of uganda. This form of economic development has only fostered the enrichment of the rich chinese. The study also focuses on the effects of population growth on economic growth in nigeria in a bid to analyze the options available to accelerate economic development, taking into cognizance of the fact that other factors outside the sphere of population are also important in the determination of the face of economic growth. Does indias population growth have a positive effect on economic growth. Tanzania continues to have high birth rates and one of. Still, it may be the case that such growth is not sustainable, is discounting the future eating the capital of mother earth second, in the longrun, population growth and economic growth. There is divergence of opinion regarding the consequences of population growth for economic development.
A crosssectional analysis gives no clear indications. This paper a product of the office of the vice president, development economics is one in a series of background papers prepared forthe world developmentreport 1992. The major impact of inequality is the going down of the domestic consumption, which. On the other hand, if population growth affects per capita output growth, higher population growth rates would contribute to either higher or lower overall economic growth depending on the nature of its effects on per capita gdp. Pdf on mar 20, 2016, bhanu phani krishna and others published effect of population growth on economic development in india find, read. Particularly, total food production increase as result of technical progress, positive demand shifts, and increased availability of agricultural land. The existing state of knowledge does not warrant any clearcut generalization as to the effect of population growth on economic development in. Economists have often neglected the impact of fundamental demographic processes on economic growth. Notes on social and economic effects of population growth.
Some view rapid population growth as a real problem while others assert that it is not a. The effect of population aging on economic growth, the labor. The role of population on economic growth and development. They argue that it is possible that the interaction of economic growth with population dynamics can result in a poverty trap. A further impact is the slow rate of selfemployment as savings is not easy for the large population of unemployed thus they have little or no capital for investments. For the world as a whole, over the period 1990 to 2015. Accounting effects of population aging on factor accumulation and economic growth are distinguished from behavioral effects. But under different conditions, similar rates of growth can have very different effects on poverty, the employment prospects of the poor and broader indicators of human development. Nevertheless we need to understand these broader economic effects to form effective policy responses. This study contributes to the ongoing investigations into the effect of population growth on economic development in nigeria.
J11,j14,j23,j26,o47 abstract population aging is widely assumed to have detrimental effects on economic growth yet there is. The paper examines the link between population and per capita economic growth, and poverty, using the interesting case study of uganda. Population growth and economic development of a country. It helps economic development and it retards economic development. This paper presents an overview of the impact that demographic changes will have on. This paper is about the impact of rapid population growth on social economic development in tanzania and uses two population projections to look at the impact of different fertility rates on the future size of the population. On the other hand, if we find a negative correlation between population growth and per capita economic growth only over the very long term e. A declining proportion of children and a simultaneous increase in the share of the youth and workingage adult. Population ageing thus may be exercising a negative impact on economic growth.
In the absence of relevant text and reference books that are specifically prepared for undergraduate students of health sciences, the lecture notes help to maintain. The study used annual time series data for the period 1980 to 2016 and adopted the ols regression technique. To the greek philosophers, about 2,500 years ago, population growth was undesirable as it adversely affects. As there is no single definition for economic development, there is no single strategy, policy, or program for achieving successful economic development. They tested whether the relationship between education level and economic growth is different when population. As a result, young people have a higher tax burden than the older. This paper focuses on the impact of population growth on economic growth by employing a crosscountry panel data set. Pdf effect of population growth on economic development. While many problems such as congestion, pollution, and slum settlements are caused by urban growth in contemporary developing countries, cities are often described as engines of growth see, for example, jacobs 1972, crook 1997, and beall and fox. An econometric study based on ue and bric countries is provided. According to geographical condition, available means and resources, productivity rate and available cultivable land, the population growth rate is great problem. The second theory view population growth as a factor that adversely affects economic growth while a third school is that population growth is a neutral factor in economic growth and is determined.
Chinas economic growth, however, has received little attention. Tanzania continues to have high birth rates and one of the fastest growing populations in the world. Center for global development and population reference. How to evaluate the effect of population on a countryseconomy. The role and impact of population growth in chinas development.
Article information, pdf download for effects of population growth on the. Population and economic growth discourse in ethiopia tsegaye tegenu october 27, 2011 the worlds 7 billionth baby will be born on 31 october 2011. Pdf the impact of population change on economic growth. Modelling the effects of health on economic growth. Demographics and development in the 21st century initiative. Population ageing and sustainable development figure 1. The impact of hiv and aids on africas economic development. To investigate the economic impact of chinas population control policy, we have to answer the following two questions. The income impacts on food demand are computed with dynamic elasticities. Impact of population growth on nigeria economic growth. This project research work has been designed to carefully and critically investigate and examine the impact of over population in the socioeconomic development of nigeria using osisioma ngwa local government in abia state particularly. The relationship between population and economic growth in ldcs. What are some positive effects of population growth. Klasen and lawson 2007 examined the relationship between population growth and economic development by using both crosscountry data and panel data.
While the impact of hivaids on people has been well documented, it has been much more difficult to observe the pandemics effects on the african economy as a whole or to assess how it might affect africas future development. The effect of population aging on economic growth, the. The reference population is the population of 2000 left series and the projected population for 2030 right series. All efforts at economic development under fast growing population turn out to be writing on sand with waves of population growth washing away all that we have written. Impact of population growth on nigeria economic growth mensch.
Munich personal repec archive the role of population on economic growth and development. In fact rapid population growth has been obstructing economic growth in developing countries like india where since 1951 population has been growing at a relatively high rate. To investigate the economic impact of chinas populationcontrol policy, we have to answer the following two questions. The impact of population growth on economic growth and. On the positive side, an increasing population means an increase in the supply of labour a basic factor of. Pdf effect of population growth on economic development in. Actually over population retards economic development. The relationship between population and economic growth in.
Some researchers maintain that population has a negative impact on economic development while others are convinced that the effect is positive. The effects of population growth on economic development. The impact of population change on economic growth in kenya. Pdf impacts of population on economic development cess. The role and impact of population growth in chinas. Today foreign investment and export promotion have only a small impact on pakistans economic growth. It is found that economic development is slow where the population is increasing at faster rate. The world bank on behalf of the commission on growth and development, a working. One, the body of economic research supports the claim that slowing population growth tends to have positive economic impacts in modern developing countries. Nov 21, 2018 one example of the impact of population on economic growth can be seen in detroit, where the local infrastructure suffered dramatically as people moved away. The paper summarizes progresstodate on the research agenda on population, reproductive health, and economic development. Jul 30, 2016 the impact of population change on economic growth in kenya.
This paper used twentyone years annual data from 1993 to 2014. The existing state of knowledge does not warrant any clearcut generalization as to the effect of population growth on economic development in todays less developed areas. Economic impact of an aging population 5 i n combination, this demographic shift implies more than half 58 percent of the regions entire population growth between 2010 and 2030 will be because of increases in the older adult population. Bloom and canning 2001 are among the few who explore the effect of the demographic transition on economic growth. Impact of migration on economic and social development. Percentage of the population aged 60 years or over, estimated for 1980. Partially and jointly considered are land and water supply impacts from population growth, and technical change, as well as forest and agricultural commodity demand shifts from population growth and economic development. Chapter 1 effects of population growth and urbanization in. The qualitative impacts of population growth, economic development, and technical progress on food production and consumption are wellknown. This article is devoted to the role of foreign trade in the economies of china, the united states, russia and germany. This is so because the relationship between population growth and economic development is intricate, complex and interacting.
Effects of population growth on the economic development. Youth should be one of the main economic assets for a country or a region. Pdf the impact of population change on economic growth in kenya. The report, on development and the environment, discusses the possible effects of the expected dramatic grow. Population growth plays a conflicting role in the development process of a country.
Cgd has launched an initiative to examine the role of population in development that, through a series of lectures, will recast the current development agenda to include the broad implications of demographic change. The main goal of economic development is improving the economic well being of a community through efforts that entail job creation, job retention, tax base enhancements and quality of life. The effect of population aging on economic growth, the labor force and productivity nicole maestas, kathleen j. This research investigates about the relation between demographic dynamics and economic growth, illustrating both orthodox and heterodox theories. Pdf the impact of population growth on economic growth and. The cost of retirement care for the large population born in the middle of the 20th century is high, and young people are expected to pay for this through taxes. Some theoretical analyses argue that high population growth creates pressures on limited natural resources, reduces private and public capital formation. Second, examining economic units within the same country allows us to hold constant the effects of. The impact of population growth on nigeria economic growth 19812015. Population growth helps the process of development in certain ways and hampers it in certain other ways.
Pdf the role of population in economic growth researchgate. Human resource development is a key driver and component of economic development. Pdf the relationship between population growth and economic growth is. Effects of population growth on the economic development of.
In the absence of relevant text and reference books that. The relevance of the study is to analyze the process of integrating countries into international trade and its impact on the development. Center for global development and population reference bureau march 2009 prepared by shareen joshi, ph. Up to a point, population growth can be accommodated.
The purpose of the paper is to conduct some initial inquiries on this important topic. While many problems such as congestion, pollution, and slum settlements are caused by urban growth in contemporary developing countries, cities are often described as engines of growth see, for example, jacobs 1972, crook 1997, and beall and fox 2009. These results demonstrate that rapid population growth is a real problem in pakistan because it contributes to lower investment growth and diminishes the savings rate. The middle series uses the projected population of 2030 only if the development impact includes population growth p. Impact of indias population growth on economic development. Does indias population growth have a positive effect on. When population grows faster than gnp, the standard of living of the people does not improve. Their study is built on the premise that changes in education are responsible for changes in the economic growth. Researchers, policymakers, governments, civil society and social medias are expressing their concern over the effects of. The situation of unemployment in a society will greatly impoverish the citizens as employers tend to take advantage of the situation to pay very small for labour.